Sometimes chemists classify element groups according to shared properties, which do not strictly adhere to individual columns. The group 17 elements are highly reactive, colorful nonmetals. For example, the group 1 elements are all soft, reactive metals. Elements in the same group share common chemical and physical properties. The lanthanides and actinides, located below the main table, all fit within group 3. For example, elements in group 1 have 1 valence electron, elements in groups 3-12 have a variable number of valence electrons, and elements in group 17 have 7 valence electrons. The number of valence electrons depends on the octet rule. Atoms in a period have the same number of electron shells.Įlements within the same group share the same number of valence electrons. An element period is a horizontal row on the periodic table.Atoms in a group share the same number of valence electrons. An element group is a vertical column on the periodic table.Element atomic number increases as you move down a group from top to bottom or across a period from left to right. Both groups and periods reflect the organization of electrons in atoms. A group is a vertical column down the periodic table, while a period is a horizontal row across the table. Groups and periods organize elements on the periodic table of the elements. This entry was posted on Jby Anne Helmenstine (updated on June 28, 2021)Ī periodic table group is a column, while a periodic table period is a row.
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